What to Feed 6 Common Backyard Animals (And What to Avoid!)

Even though you may own or rent your home, that doesn’t mean you only live around humans. If you have a yard or even just a tree, you are playing landlord to a variety of backyard animals that are grateful for a safe space to hang out. Go and take a look out your backdoor right now, and you may see squirrels, birds, rabbits, raccoons, and other creatures in search of food and water or just sitting on a tree branch curiously observing you looking out at them.

Having a diverse group of wildlife on your property is a treat for you visually and mentally, as activities such as birdwatching can send calming feelings through you. There are benefits to keeping backyard animal companions around, so consider making friends with them by providing healthy foods and snacks.

1. Birds

Birds bring beauty and welcome songs to backyards everywhere. All over the U.S., yards serve as playgrounds and lunchrooms for a variety of birds, both big and small. Wild birds won’t starve if you don’t feed them, but it’s a nice gesture, and it’s always fun to watch them fluttering about. They will have no problem picking at seeds you’ve scattered on the ground, or you can provide a bird feeder with water alongside.

You can simply purchase a bag of mixed seeds perfect for both ground feeding and use in bird feeders, or you can make your own (check out Birds & Blooms for some fun DIY bird feeders). For any time of the year, feed a mix of shelled and in-shell black-oil sunflower seeds, white millet, cracked corn, and chopped peanuts. When in season, birds love berries and other fruits as well! It’s important to remember to place food and feeders away from windows so birds do not accidentally fly into the glass, which can result in injury.

2. Squirrels

While pesky at times, squirrels are a natural part of backyard life. They help aerate your lawn when they dig around looking for buried nuts and clean up your yard by clearing away dropped acorns from oak trees and scavenging from beneath fruit trees.

Consider making them your friends by offering healthy foods like in-shell raw, salt-free sunflower seeds and peanuts, plain popped popcorn, dried corn on the cob, and even fruits. To give them a safe space, place food and squirrel feeders back near the fence or in trees, and don’t forget a bowl of water.

If you find squirrels a nuisance, try sitting back and looking out the window at them jumping through and playing in the trees or doing an animated dance on your lawn. Squirrels are actually quite entertaining, so you might get the urge to help them out after all.

3. Feral Cats

Also known as “wild” cats, adult feral cats can survive without food for long periods, but they still need to eat. Despite the belief that ignoring and not feeding them will drive them away, this often leads to tragic outcomes, such as kittens dying from malnutrition.

Instead, opt to provide these cats with food and water away from busy areas and property lines, so they don’t bother your neighbors. Canned or dry cat food is recommended, and you should feed them at the same time every day, similar to how you would care for your own house cat. Providing a sheltered spot for them to rest can also make a significant difference in their quality of life.

4. Rabbits

Rabbits are charming backyard visitors who enjoy nibbling on fresh greens. If you spot them in your yard, consider providing a variety of vegetables like leafy greens (romaine lettuce, kale, or dandelion greens), carrots, and fresh herbs (such as parsley and cilantro). Avoid feeding them iceberg lettuce, as it can be harmful.

You can also provide high-quality rabbit pellets to supplement their diet, along with fresh hay for fiber. Make sure to offer clean water daily, as hydration is essential for their health. Setting up a safe, quiet area in your yard can encourage them to visit regularly.

5. Raccoons

Raccoons are intelligent and resourceful creatures known for their dexterous paws. While they can sometimes be mischievous, you can attract them by offering food such as fruits (especially berries and apples), cat food, or even dog food in small amounts. However, be cautious, as raccoons can become dependent on human food sources, so it’s best to limit how often you feed them.

To prevent raccoons from rummaging through your trash, secure garbage cans with tight-fitting lids. If you decide to feed raccoons, do so sparingly and at specific times to minimize their visits during the night.

6. Deer

In some areas, deer may visit your backyard in search of food. They are herbivores and enjoy a variety of plants, including clover, fruits, and vegetables. If you want to attract deer, consider planting deer-resistant plants or leaving out apples, carrots, or corn. However, keep in mind that deer can also be quite destructive, so it may be wise to limit their access to your garden.

Tips for Responsible Feeding and Wildlife Management

Feeding backyard animals can be a delightful experience, but it’s important to do so thoughtfully. To ensure that your efforts contribute positively to the local wildlife community, here are some essential tips on what to avoid feeding and how to keep your animal visitors safe and well-behaved.

Foods to Avoid

First and foremost, steer clear of processed human foods. Items like chips, bread, and sugary snacks can be harmful to wildlife and lead to health issues. Dairy products are another big no-no; many animals, especially those not adapted to milk, can suffer digestive problems from these foods. Additionally, citrus fruits should be avoided, as they can be toxic to certain animals, particularly rabbits. And remember, chocolate and caffeine are off-limits for many creatures, including our canine and feline friends.

Preventing Invasive Behavior

To keep your backyard visitors from becoming overly reliant on your offerings, avoid overfeeding. Too much food can lead to dependency, which may result in overcrowding and competition among species. Instead, opt for moderation—offering food occasionally rather than every day can help maintain a natural balance. Using appropriate feeders designed for specific animals can also minimize unwanted visitors and keep your feeding area tidy.

Keeping Wildlife Interactions Safe

It’s vital to secure your trash and compost to prevent raccoons and other scavengers from making a mess of your yard. Invest in raccoon-proof containers and ensure your compost bins are tightly closed. When setting up feeding stations, position them away from your home and high-traffic areas to minimize direct encounters with wildlife.

Keep an eye on how the local wildlife interacts with your offerings. If you notice animals becoming aggressive or overly bold, it may be time to reassess your feeding practices. Lastly, consider planting native plants that provide food and shelter, allowing animals to forage naturally rather than relying solely on your handouts.

By following these guidelines, you can enjoy the beauty of backyard wildlife while ensuring they remain a charming part of your outdoor experience, rather than turning into invasive or dangerous pests. Embrace the wonders of nature responsibly, and watch as your yard transforms into a thriving wildlife haven!

Feeding backyard animal companions is a great way to embrace local wildlife and make some new furry and feathery friends in the process! By providing healthy foods and a safe environment, you can enjoy the beauty and joy of nature just outside your door. Remember to always research the specific dietary needs of each animal to ensure you’re offering the best options for their health and well-being. With a little effort, your yard can become a thriving sanctuary for a variety of wildlife.